feat(cli): add a json output and tests

README.md

@@ -251,6 +251,29 @@ Goyco includes a comprehensive CLI for administration:
 ./bin/goyco prune all               # Hard delete all users and posts
 ```
 
+### JSON Output
+
+All CLI commands support JSON output for easier parsing and integration with scripts. Use the `--json` flag to enable structured JSON output:
+
+```bash
+# Get JSON output
+./bin/goyco --json user list
+./bin/goyco --json post list
+./bin/goyco --json status
+
+# Example: Parse JSON output with jq
+./bin/goyco --json user list | jq '.users[0].username'
+./bin/goyco --json status | jq '.status'
+```
+
+**Note for destructive operations**: When using `--json` with `prune` commands, you must also use the `--yes` flag to skip interactive confirmation prompts:
+
+```bash
+./bin/goyco --json prune posts --yes
+./bin/goyco --json prune users --yes --with-posts
+./bin/goyco --json prune all --yes
+```
+
 ## Development
 
 ### Get the sources

cmd/goyco/cli.go

@@ -6,8 +6,9 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"os"
 
-	"github.com/joho/godotenv"
 	"goyco/cmd/goyco/commands"
+
+	"github.com/joho/godotenv"
 )
 
 func loadDotEnv() {

cmd/goyco/commands/common.go

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package commands
 
 import (
+	"encoding/json"
 	"errors"
 	"flag"
 	"fmt"
@@ -16,6 +17,23 @@ var ErrHelpRequested = errors.New("help requested")
 
 type DBConnector func(cfg *config.Config) (*gorm.DB, func() error, error)
 
+var (
+	jsonOutputMu sync.RWMutex
+	jsonOutput   bool
+)
+
+func SetJSONOutput(enabled bool) {
+	jsonOutputMu.Lock()
+	defer jsonOutputMu.Unlock()
+	jsonOutput = enabled
+}
+
+func IsJSONOutput() bool {
+	jsonOutputMu.RLock()
+	defer jsonOutputMu.RUnlock()
+	return jsonOutput
+}
+
 var (
 	dbConnectorMu      sync.RWMutex
 	currentDBConnector = defaultDBConnector
@@ -93,3 +111,39 @@ func truncate(in string, max int) string {
 	}
 	return in[:max-3] + "..."
 }
+
+func outputJSON(v interface{}) error {
+	encoder := json.NewEncoder(os.Stdout)
+	encoder.SetIndent("", "  ")
+	return encoder.Encode(v)
+}
+
+func outputMessage(message string, args ...interface{}) {
+	if IsJSONOutput() {
+		outputJSON(map[string]interface{}{
+			"message": fmt.Sprintf(message, args...),
+		})
+	} else {
+		fmt.Printf(message+"\n", args...)
+	}
+}
+
+func outputError(message string, args ...interface{}) {
+	if IsJSONOutput() {
+		outputJSON(map[string]interface{}{
+			"error": fmt.Sprintf(message, args...),
+		})
+	} else {
+		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, message+"\n", args...)
+	}
+}
+
+func outputWarning(message string, args ...interface{}) {
+	if IsJSONOutput() {
+		outputJSON(map[string]interface{}{
+			"warning": fmt.Sprintf(message, args...),
+		})
+	} else {
+		fmt.Printf("Warning: "+message+"\n", args...)
+	}
+}

cmd/goyco/commands/common_test.go

@@ -217,3 +217,41 @@ func setInMemoryDBConnector(t *testing.T) {
 		SetDBConnector(nil)
 	})
 }
+
+func TestSetJSONOutput(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("set and get JSON output", func(t *testing.T) {
+		SetJSONOutput(true)
+		if !IsJSONOutput() {
+			t.Error("expected JSON output to be enabled")
+		}
+
+		SetJSONOutput(false)
+		if IsJSONOutput() {
+			t.Error("expected JSON output to be disabled")
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("concurrent access", func(t *testing.T) {
+		SetJSONOutput(false)
+		done := make(chan bool)
+
+		go func() {
+			for i := 0; i < 100; i++ {
+				SetJSONOutput(true)
+				_ = IsJSONOutput()
+				SetJSONOutput(false)
+			}
+			done <- true
+		}()
+
+		go func() {
+			for i := 0; i < 100; i++ {
+				_ = IsJSONOutput()
+			}
+			done <- true
+		}()
+
+		<-done
+		<-done
+	})
+}

cmd/goyco/commands/daemon.go

@@ -86,23 +86,50 @@ func runStatusCommand(cfg *config.Config) error {
 	pidFile := filepath.Join(pidDir, "goyco.pid")
 
 	if !isDaemonRunning(pidFile) {
+		if IsJSONOutput() {
+			outputJSON(map[string]interface{}{
+				"status": "not_running",
+			})
+		} else {
 			fmt.Println("Goyco is not running")
+		}
 		return nil
 	}
 
 	data, err := os.ReadFile(pidFile)
 	if err != nil {
+		if IsJSONOutput() {
+			outputJSON(map[string]interface{}{
+				"status": "running",
+				"error":  fmt.Sprintf("PID file exists but cannot be read: %v", err),
+			})
+		} else {
 			fmt.Printf("Goyco is running (PID file exists but cannot be read: %v)\n", err)
+		}
 		return nil
 	}
 
 	pid, err := strconv.Atoi(string(data))
 	if err != nil {
+		if IsJSONOutput() {
+			outputJSON(map[string]interface{}{
+				"status": "running",
+				"error":  fmt.Sprintf("PID file exists but contains invalid PID: %v", err),
+			})
+		} else {
 			fmt.Printf("Goyco is running (PID file exists but contains invalid PID: %v)\n", err)
+		}
 		return nil
 	}
 
+	if IsJSONOutput() {
+		outputJSON(map[string]interface{}{
+			"status": "running",
+			"pid":    pid,
+		})
+	} else {
 		fmt.Printf("Goyco is running (PID %d)\n", pid)
+	}
 	return nil
 }
 
@@ -143,7 +170,14 @@ func stopDaemon(cfg *config.Config) error {
 
 	_ = os.Remove(pidFile)
 
+	if IsJSONOutput() {
+		outputJSON(map[string]interface{}{
+			"action": "stopped",
+			"pid":    pid,
+		})
+	} else {
 		fmt.Printf("Goyco stopped (PID %d)\n", pid)
+	}
 	return nil
 }
 
@@ -184,9 +218,18 @@ func runDaemon(cfg *config.Config) error {
 		if err := writePIDFile(pidFile, pid); err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("cannot write PID file: %w", err)
 		}
+		if IsJSONOutput() {
+			outputJSON(map[string]interface{}{
+				"action":   "started",
+				"pid":      pid,
+				"pid_file": pidFile,
+				"log_file": logFile,
+			})
+		} else {
 			fmt.Printf("Goyco started with PID %d\n", pid)
 			fmt.Printf("PID file: %s\n", pidFile)
 			fmt.Printf("Log file: %s\n", logFile)
+		}
 		return nil
 	}
 

cmd/goyco/commands/daemon_test.go

@@ -100,6 +100,20 @@ func TestRunStatusCommand(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 	})
 
+	t.Run("daemon not running with JSON output", func(t *testing.T) {
+		SetJSONOutput(true)
+		defer SetJSONOutput(false)
+
+		tempDir := t.TempDir()
+		cfg.PIDDir = tempDir
+
+		err := runStatusCommand(cfg)
+
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Errorf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+		}
+	})
+
 	t.Run("daemon running with valid PID", func(t *testing.T) {
 		tempDir := t.TempDir()
 		cfg.PIDDir = tempDir
@@ -118,6 +132,27 @@ func TestRunStatusCommand(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 	})
 
+	t.Run("daemon running with valid PID and JSON output", func(t *testing.T) {
+		SetJSONOutput(true)
+		defer SetJSONOutput(false)
+
+		tempDir := t.TempDir()
+		cfg.PIDDir = tempDir
+
+		pidFile := filepath.Join(tempDir, "goyco.pid")
+		currentPID := os.Getpid()
+		err := os.WriteFile(pidFile, []byte(strconv.Itoa(currentPID)), 0644)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("Failed to create PID file: %v", err)
+		}
+
+		err = runStatusCommand(cfg)
+
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Errorf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+		}
+	})
+
 	t.Run("daemon running with invalid PID file", func(t *testing.T) {
 		tempDir := t.TempDir()
 		cfg.PIDDir = tempDir

cmd/goyco/commands/migrate.go

@@ -30,11 +30,20 @@ func HandleMigrateCommand(cfg *config.Config, name string, args []string) error
 }
 
 func runMigrateCommand(db *gorm.DB) error {
+	if !IsJSONOutput() {
 		fmt.Println("Running database migrations...")
+	}
 	if err := database.Migrate(db); err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("run migrations: %w", err)
 	}
+	if IsJSONOutput() {
+		outputJSON(map[string]interface{}{
+			"action": "migrations_applied",
+			"status": "success",
+		})
+	} else {
 		fmt.Println("Migrations applied successfully")
+	}
 	return nil
 }
 

cmd/goyco/commands/migrate_test.go

@@ -39,4 +39,18 @@ func TestHandleMigrateCommand(t *testing.T) {
 			t.Fatalf("unexpected error running migrations: %v", err)
 		}
 	})
+
+	t.Run("runs migrations with JSON output", func(t *testing.T) {
+		SetJSONOutput(true)
+		defer SetJSONOutput(false)
+
+		cfg := testutils.NewTestConfig()
+		setInMemoryDBConnector(t)
+
+		err := HandleMigrateCommand(cfg, "migrate", []string{})
+
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("unexpected error running migrations: %v", err)
+		}
+	})
 }

cmd/goyco/commands/post.go

@@ -90,7 +90,14 @@ func postDelete(repo repositories.PostRepository, args []string) error {
 		return fmt.Errorf("delete post: %w", err)
 	}
 
+	if IsJSONOutput() {
+		outputJSON(map[string]interface{}{
+			"action": "post_deleted",
+			"id":     id,
+		})
+	} else {
 		fmt.Printf("Post deleted: ID=%d\n", id)
+	}
 	return nil
 }
 
@@ -126,6 +133,38 @@ func postList(postQueries *services.PostQueries, args []string) error {
 		return fmt.Errorf("list posts: %w", err)
 	}
 
+	if IsJSONOutput() {
+		type postJSON struct {
+			ID        uint   `json:"id"`
+			Title     string `json:"title"`
+			AuthorID  uint   `json:"author_id"`
+			Score     int    `json:"score"`
+			CreatedAt string `json:"created_at"`
+		}
+		postsJSON := make([]postJSON, len(posts))
+		for i, p := range posts {
+			authorID := uint(0)
+			if p.AuthorID != nil {
+				authorID = *p.AuthorID
+			}
+			if p.Author.ID != 0 {
+				authorID = p.Author.ID
+			}
+			postsJSON[i] = postJSON{
+				ID:        p.ID,
+				Title:     p.Title,
+				AuthorID:  authorID,
+				Score:     p.Score,
+				CreatedAt: p.CreatedAt.Format("2006-01-02 15:04:05"),
+			}
+		}
+		outputJSON(map[string]interface{}{
+			"posts": postsJSON,
+			"count": len(postsJSON),
+		})
+		return nil
+	}
+
 	if len(posts) == 0 {
 		fmt.Println("No posts found")
 		return nil
@@ -234,6 +273,39 @@ func postSearch(postQueries *services.PostQueries, args []string) error {
 		return fmt.Errorf("search posts: %w", err)
 	}
 
+	if IsJSONOutput() {
+		type postJSON struct {
+			ID        uint   `json:"id"`
+			Title     string `json:"title"`
+			AuthorID  uint   `json:"author_id"`
+			Score     int    `json:"score"`
+			CreatedAt string `json:"created_at"`
+		}
+		postsJSON := make([]postJSON, len(posts))
+		for i, p := range posts {
+			authorID := uint(0)
+			if p.AuthorID != nil {
+				authorID = *p.AuthorID
+			}
+			if p.Author.ID != 0 {
+				authorID = p.Author.ID
+			}
+			postsJSON[i] = postJSON{
+				ID:        p.ID,
+				Title:     p.Title,
+				AuthorID:  authorID,
+				Score:     p.Score,
+				CreatedAt: p.CreatedAt.Format("2006-01-02 15:04:05"),
+			}
+		}
+		outputJSON(map[string]interface{}{
+			"search_term": sanitizedTerm,
+			"posts":       postsJSON,
+			"count":       len(postsJSON),
+		})
+		return nil
+	}
+
 	if len(posts) == 0 {
 		fmt.Println("No posts found matching your search")
 		return nil

cmd/goyco/commands/post_test.go

@@ -89,6 +89,26 @@ func TestPostDelete(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 	})
 
+	t.Run("successful delete with JSON output", func(t *testing.T) {
+		SetJSONOutput(true)
+		defer SetJSONOutput(false)
+
+		freshMockRepo := testutils.NewMockPostRepository()
+		testPost := &database.Post{
+			Title:    "Test Post",
+			Content:  "Test Content",
+			AuthorID: &[]uint{1}[0],
+			Score:    0,
+		}
+		_ = freshMockRepo.Create(testPost)
+
+		err := postDelete(freshMockRepo, []string{"1"})
+
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Errorf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+		}
+	})
+
 	t.Run("missing id", func(t *testing.T) {
 		err := postDelete(mockRepo, []string{})
 
@@ -174,6 +194,17 @@ func TestPostList(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 	})
 
+	t.Run("list all posts with JSON output", func(t *testing.T) {
+		SetJSONOutput(true)
+		defer SetJSONOutput(false)
+
+		err := postList(postQueries, []string{})
+
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Errorf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+		}
+	})
+
 	t.Run("list with limit", func(t *testing.T) {
 		err := postList(postQueries, []string{"--limit", "1"})
 
@@ -271,6 +302,17 @@ func TestPostSearch(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 	})
 
+	t.Run("search with results and JSON output", func(t *testing.T) {
+		SetJSONOutput(true)
+		defer SetJSONOutput(false)
+
+		err := postSearch(postQueries, []string{"Go"})
+
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Errorf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+		}
+	})
+
 	t.Run("case insensitive search", func(t *testing.T) {
 		mockRepo.SearchCalls = nil
 

cmd/goyco/commands/prune.go

@@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ func printPruneUsage() {
 func prunePosts(postRepo repositories.PostRepository, args []string) error {
 	fs := flag.NewFlagSet("prune posts", flag.ContinueOnError)
 	dryRun := fs.Bool("dry-run", false, "preview what would be deleted without actually deleting")
+	yes := fs.Bool("yes", false, "skip confirmation prompt")
 	fs.SetOutput(os.Stderr)
 
 	if err := fs.Parse(args); err != nil {
@@ -73,6 +74,49 @@ func prunePosts(postRepo repositories.PostRepository, args []string) error {
 		return fmt.Errorf("get posts by deleted users: %w", err)
 	}
 
+	if IsJSONOutput() {
+		type postJSON struct {
+			ID     uint   `json:"id"`
+			Title  string `json:"title"`
+			Author string `json:"author"`
+			URL    string `json:"url"`
+		}
+		postsJSON := make([]postJSON, len(posts))
+		for i, post := range posts {
+			authorName := "(deleted)"
+			if post.Author.ID != 0 {
+				authorName = post.Author.Username
+			}
+			postsJSON[i] = postJSON{
+				ID:     post.ID,
+				Title:  post.Title,
+				Author: authorName,
+				URL:    post.URL,
+			}
+		}
+		if *dryRun {
+			outputJSON(map[string]interface{}{
+				"action":  "prune_posts",
+				"dry_run": true,
+				"posts":   postsJSON,
+				"count":   len(postsJSON),
+			})
+			return nil
+		}
+		if !*yes {
+			return fmt.Errorf("confirmation required. Use --yes to skip prompt in JSON mode")
+		}
+		deletedCount, err := postRepo.HardDeletePostsByDeletedUsers()
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("hard delete posts: %w", err)
+		}
+		outputJSON(map[string]interface{}{
+			"action":        "prune_posts",
+			"deleted_count": deletedCount,
+		})
+		return nil
+	}
+
 	if len(posts) == 0 {
 		fmt.Println("No posts found for deleted users")
 		return nil
@@ -93,6 +137,7 @@ func prunePosts(postRepo repositories.PostRepository, args []string) error {
 		return nil
 	}
 
+	if !*yes {
 		fmt.Printf("\nAre you sure you want to permanently delete %d posts? (yes/no): ", len(posts))
 		var confirmation string
 		if _, err := fmt.Scanln(&confirmation); err != nil {
@@ -103,6 +148,7 @@ func prunePosts(postRepo repositories.PostRepository, args []string) error {
 			fmt.Println("Operation cancelled")
 			return nil
 		}
+	}
 
 	deletedCount, err := postRepo.HardDeletePostsByDeletedUsers()
 	if err != nil {
@@ -117,6 +163,7 @@ func pruneUsers(userRepo repositories.UserRepository, postRepo repositories.Post
 	fs := flag.NewFlagSet("prune users", flag.ContinueOnError)
 	dryRun := fs.Bool("dry-run", false, "preview what would be deleted without actually deleting")
 	deletePosts := fs.Bool("with-posts", false, "also delete all posts when deleting users")
+	yes := fs.Bool("yes", false, "skip confirmation prompt")
 	fs.SetOutput(os.Stderr)
 
 	if err := fs.Parse(args); err != nil {
@@ -130,7 +177,14 @@ func pruneUsers(userRepo repositories.UserRepository, postRepo repositories.Post
 
 	userCount := len(users)
 	if userCount == 0 {
+		if IsJSONOutput() {
+			outputJSON(map[string]interface{}{
+				"action": "prune_users",
+				"count":  0,
+			})
+		} else {
 			fmt.Println("No users found to delete")
+		}
 		return nil
 	}
 
@@ -142,6 +196,61 @@ func pruneUsers(userRepo repositories.UserRepository, postRepo repositories.Post
 		}
 	}
 
+	if IsJSONOutput() {
+		type userJSON struct {
+			ID       uint   `json:"id"`
+			Username string `json:"username"`
+			Email    string `json:"email"`
+		}
+		usersJSON := make([]userJSON, len(users))
+		for i, user := range users {
+			usersJSON[i] = userJSON{
+				ID:       user.ID,
+				Username: user.Username,
+				Email:    user.Email,
+			}
+		}
+		if *dryRun {
+			outputJSON(map[string]interface{}{
+				"action":     "prune_users",
+				"dry_run":    true,
+				"users":      usersJSON,
+				"user_count": userCount,
+				"post_count": postCount,
+				"with_posts": *deletePosts,
+			})
+			return nil
+		}
+		if !*yes {
+			return fmt.Errorf("confirmation required. Use --yes to skip prompt or --json for non-interactive mode")
+		}
+		if *deletePosts {
+			totalDeleted, err := userRepo.HardDeleteAll()
+			if err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("hard delete all users and posts: %w", err)
+			}
+			outputJSON(map[string]interface{}{
+				"action":        "prune_users",
+				"deleted_count": totalDeleted,
+				"with_posts":    true,
+			})
+		} else {
+			deletedCount := 0
+			for _, user := range users {
+				if err := userRepo.SoftDeleteWithPosts(user.ID); err != nil {
+					return fmt.Errorf("soft delete user %d: %w", user.ID, err)
+				}
+				deletedCount++
+			}
+			outputJSON(map[string]interface{}{
+				"action":        "prune_users",
+				"deleted_count": deletedCount,
+				"with_posts":    false,
+			})
+		}
+		return nil
+	}
+
 	fmt.Printf("Found %d users", userCount)
 	if *deletePosts {
 		fmt.Printf(" and %d posts", postCount)
@@ -158,6 +267,7 @@ func pruneUsers(userRepo repositories.UserRepository, postRepo repositories.Post
 		return nil
 	}
 
+	if !*yes {
 		confirmMsg := fmt.Sprintf("\nAre you sure you want to permanently delete %d users", userCount)
 		if *deletePosts {
 			confirmMsg += fmt.Sprintf(" and %d posts", postCount)
@@ -174,6 +284,7 @@ func pruneUsers(userRepo repositories.UserRepository, postRepo repositories.Post
 			fmt.Println("Operation cancelled")
 			return nil
 		}
+	}
 
 	if *deletePosts {
 		totalDeleted, err := userRepo.HardDeleteAll()
@@ -198,6 +309,7 @@ func pruneUsers(userRepo repositories.UserRepository, postRepo repositories.Post
 func pruneAll(userRepo repositories.UserRepository, postRepo repositories.PostRepository, args []string) error {
 	fs := flag.NewFlagSet("prune all", flag.ContinueOnError)
 	dryRun := fs.Bool("dry-run", false, "preview what would be deleted without actually deleting")
+	yes := fs.Bool("yes", false, "skip confirmation prompt")
 	fs.SetOutput(os.Stderr)
 
 	if err := fs.Parse(args); err != nil {
@@ -214,6 +326,30 @@ func pruneAll(userRepo repositories.UserRepository, postRepo repositories.PostRe
 		return fmt.Errorf("get post count: %w", err)
 	}
 
+	if IsJSONOutput() {
+		if *dryRun {
+			outputJSON(map[string]interface{}{
+				"action":     "prune_all",
+				"dry_run":    true,
+				"user_count": len(userCount),
+				"post_count": postCount,
+			})
+			return nil
+		}
+		if !*yes {
+			return fmt.Errorf("confirmation required. Use --yes to skip prompt or --json for non-interactive mode")
+		}
+		totalDeleted, err := userRepo.HardDeleteAll()
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("hard delete all: %w", err)
+		}
+		outputJSON(map[string]interface{}{
+			"action":        "prune_all",
+			"deleted_count": totalDeleted,
+		})
+		return nil
+	}
+
 	fmt.Printf("Found %d users and %d posts to delete\n", len(userCount), postCount)
 
 	if *dryRun {
@@ -221,6 +357,7 @@ func pruneAll(userRepo repositories.UserRepository, postRepo repositories.PostRe
 		return nil
 	}
 
+	if !*yes {
 		fmt.Printf("\nAre you sure you want to permanently delete ALL %d users and %d posts? (yes/no): ", len(userCount), postCount)
 		var confirmation string
 		if _, err := fmt.Scanln(&confirmation); err != nil {
@@ -231,6 +368,7 @@ func pruneAll(userRepo repositories.UserRepository, postRepo repositories.PostRe
 			fmt.Println("Operation cancelled")
 			return nil
 		}
+	}
 
 	totalDeleted, err := userRepo.HardDeleteAll()
 	if err != nil {

cmd/goyco/commands/prune_test.go

@@ -110,6 +110,16 @@ func TestPrunePosts(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Errorf("prunePosts() with dry-run error = %v", err)
 	}
 
+	t.Run("prunePosts with JSON output", func(t *testing.T) {
+		SetJSONOutput(true)
+		defer SetJSONOutput(false)
+
+		err := prunePosts(postRepo, []string{"--dry-run"})
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Errorf("prunePosts() with dry-run and JSON output error = %v", err)
+		}
+	})
+
 	post1 := database.Post{
 		ID:       1,
 		Title:    "Post by deleted user 1",
@@ -138,6 +148,16 @@ func TestPrunePosts(t *testing.T) {
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Errorf("prunePosts() with dry-run error = %v", err)
 	}
+
+	t.Run("prunePosts with JSON output and mock data", func(t *testing.T) {
+		SetJSONOutput(true)
+		defer SetJSONOutput(false)
+
+		err := prunePosts(postRepo, []string{"--dry-run"})
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Errorf("prunePosts() with dry-run and JSON output error = %v", err)
+		}
+	})
 }
 
 func TestPruneAll(t *testing.T) {
@@ -175,6 +195,16 @@ func TestPruneAll(t *testing.T) {
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Errorf("pruneAll() with dry-run error = %v", err)
 	}
+
+	t.Run("pruneAll with JSON output", func(t *testing.T) {
+		SetJSONOutput(true)
+		defer SetJSONOutput(false)
+
+		err := pruneAll(userRepo, postRepo, []string{"--dry-run"})
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Errorf("pruneAll() with dry-run and JSON output error = %v", err)
+		}
+	})
 }
 
 func TestPrunePostsWithError(t *testing.T) {

cmd/goyco/commands/seed.go

@@ -69,54 +69,91 @@ func seedDatabase(userRepo repositories.UserRepository, postRepo repositories.Po
 		return err
 	}
 
+	if !IsJSONOutput() {
 		fmt.Println("Starting database seeding...")
+	}
 
 	spinner := NewSpinner("Creating seed user")
+	if !IsJSONOutput() {
 		spinner.Spin()
+	}
 
 	seedUser, err := ensureSeedUser(userRepo)
 	if err != nil {
+		if !IsJSONOutput() {
 			spinner.Complete()
+		}
 		return fmt.Errorf("ensure seed user: %w", err)
 	}
+	if !IsJSONOutput() {
 		spinner.Complete()
-
 		fmt.Printf("Seed user ready: ID=%d Username=%s\n", seedUser.ID, seedUser.Username)
+	}
 
 	processor := NewParallelProcessor()
 
-	progress := NewProgressIndicator(*numUsers, "Creating users (parallel)")
+	var progress *ProgressIndicator
+	if !IsJSONOutput() {
+		progress = NewProgressIndicator(*numUsers, "Creating users (parallel)")
+	}
 	users, err := processor.CreateUsersInParallel(userRepo, *numUsers, progress)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("create random users: %w", err)
 	}
+	if !IsJSONOutput() && progress != nil {
 		progress.Complete()
+	}
 
 	allUsers := append([]database.User{*seedUser}, users...)
 
+	if !IsJSONOutput() {
 		progress = NewProgressIndicator(*numPosts, "Creating posts (parallel)")
+	}
 	posts, err := processor.CreatePostsInParallel(postRepo, seedUser.ID, *numPosts, progress)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("create random posts: %w", err)
 	}
+	if !IsJSONOutput() && progress != nil {
 		progress.Complete()
+	}
 
+	if !IsJSONOutput() {
 		progress = NewProgressIndicator(len(posts), "Creating votes (parallel)")
+	}
 	votes, err := processor.CreateVotesInParallel(voteRepo, allUsers, posts, *votesPerPost, progress)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("create random votes: %w", err)
 	}
+	if !IsJSONOutput() && progress != nil {
 		progress.Complete()
+	}
 
+	if !IsJSONOutput() {
 		progress = NewProgressIndicator(len(posts), "Updating scores (parallel)")
+	}
 	err = processor.UpdatePostScoresInParallel(postRepo, voteRepo, posts, progress)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("update post scores: %w", err)
 	}
+	if !IsJSONOutput() && progress != nil {
 		progress.Complete()
+	}
 
+	if IsJSONOutput() {
+		outputJSON(map[string]interface{}{
+			"action": "seed_completed",
+			"users":  len(allUsers),
+			"posts":  len(posts),
+			"votes":  votes,
+			"seed_user": map[string]interface{}{
+				"id":       seedUser.ID,
+				"username": seedUser.Username,
+			},
+		})
+	} else {
 		fmt.Println("Database seeding completed successfully!")
 		fmt.Printf("Created %d users, %d posts, and %d votes\n", len(allUsers), len(posts), votes)
+	}
 
 	return nil
 }

cmd/goyco/commands/user.go

@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ func userCreate(cfg *config.Config, repo repositories.UserRepository, args []str
 
 	auditLogger, err := NewAuditLogger(cfg.LogDir)
 	if err != nil {
-		fmt.Printf("Warning: Could not initialize audit logging: %v\n", err)
+		outputWarning("Could not initialize audit logging: %v", err)
 		auditLogger = nil
 	}
 
@@ -168,7 +168,16 @@ func userCreate(cfg *config.Config, repo repositories.UserRepository, args []str
 		auditLogger.LogUserCreation(user.ID, user.Username, user.Email, true, nil)
 	}
 
+	if IsJSONOutput() {
+		outputJSON(map[string]interface{}{
+			"action":   "user_created",
+			"id":       user.ID,
+			"username": user.Username,
+			"email":    user.Email,
+		})
+	} else {
 		fmt.Printf("User created: %s (%s)\n", user.Username, user.Email)
+	}
 	return nil
 }
 
@@ -286,7 +295,16 @@ func userUpdate(cfg *config.Config, repo repositories.UserRepository, refreshTok
 		return handleDatabaseConstraintError(err)
 	}
 
+	if IsJSONOutput() {
+		outputJSON(map[string]interface{}{
+			"action":   "user_updated",
+			"id":       user.ID,
+			"username": user.Username,
+			"email":    user.Email,
+		})
+	} else {
 		fmt.Printf("User updated: %s (%s)\n", user.Username, user.Email)
+	}
 	return nil
 }
 
@@ -383,16 +401,13 @@ func userDelete(cfg *config.Config, repo repositories.UserRepository, args []str
 	}
 
 	var deleteErr error
+	var postsDeleted bool
 	if *deletePosts {
 		deleteErr = repo.HardDelete(uint(id))
-		if deleteErr == nil {
+		postsDeleted = true
-			fmt.Printf("User deleted: ID=%d (posts also deleted)\n", id)
-		}
 	} else {
 		deleteErr = repo.SoftDeleteWithPosts(uint(id))
-		if deleteErr == nil {
+		postsDeleted = false
-			fmt.Printf("User deleted: ID=%d (posts kept)\n", id)
-		}
 	}
 
 	if deleteErr != nil {
@@ -402,11 +417,31 @@ func userDelete(cfg *config.Config, repo repositories.UserRepository, args []str
 	emailSender := services.NewSMTPSenderWithTimeout(cfg.SMTP.Host, cfg.SMTP.Port, cfg.SMTP.Username, cfg.SMTP.Password, cfg.SMTP.From, cfg.SMTP.Timeout)
 	subject, body := services.GenerateAdminAccountDeletionNotificationEmail(user.Username, cfg.App.AdminEmail, cfg.App.BaseURL, cfg.App.Title, *deletePosts)
 
+	emailSent := true
 	if err := emailSender.Send(user.Email, subject, body); err != nil {
-		fmt.Printf("Warning: Could not send notification email to %s: %v\n", user.Email, err)
+		outputWarning("Could not send notification email to %s: %v", user.Email, err)
+		emailSent = false
+	}
+
+	if IsJSONOutput() {
+		outputJSON(map[string]interface{}{
+			"action":        "user_deleted",
+			"id":            id,
+			"username":      user.Username,
+			"email":         user.Email,
+			"posts_deleted": postsDeleted,
+			"email_sent":    emailSent,
+		})
 	} else {
+		if postsDeleted {
+			fmt.Printf("User deleted: ID=%d (posts also deleted)\n", id)
+		} else {
+			fmt.Printf("User deleted: ID=%d (posts kept)\n", id)
+		}
+		if emailSent {
 			fmt.Printf("Notification email sent to %s\n", user.Email)
 		}
+	}
 
 	return nil
 }
@@ -426,6 +461,31 @@ func userList(repo repositories.UserRepository, args []string) error {
 		return fmt.Errorf("list users: %w", err)
 	}
 
+	if IsJSONOutput() {
+		type userJSON struct {
+			ID        uint   `json:"id"`
+			Username  string `json:"username"`
+			Email     string `json:"email"`
+			Locked    bool   `json:"locked"`
+			CreatedAt string `json:"created_at"`
+		}
+		usersJSON := make([]userJSON, len(users))
+		for i, u := range users {
+			usersJSON[i] = userJSON{
+				ID:        u.ID,
+				Username:  u.Username,
+				Email:     u.Email,
+				Locked:    u.Locked,
+				CreatedAt: u.CreatedAt.Format("2006-01-02 15:04:05"),
+			}
+		}
+		outputJSON(map[string]interface{}{
+			"users": usersJSON,
+			"count": len(usersJSON),
+		})
+		return nil
+	}
+
 	if len(users) == 0 {
 		fmt.Println("No users found")
 		return nil
@@ -517,7 +577,16 @@ func userLock(cfg *config.Config, repo repositories.UserRepository, args []strin
 	}
 
 	if user.Locked {
+		if IsJSONOutput() {
+			outputJSON(map[string]interface{}{
+				"action":   "user_lock",
+				"id":       id,
+				"username": user.Username,
+				"status":   "already_locked",
+			})
+		} else {
 			fmt.Printf("User is already locked: %s\n", user.Username)
+		}
 		return nil
 	}
 
@@ -525,16 +594,28 @@ func userLock(cfg *config.Config, repo repositories.UserRepository, args []strin
 		return fmt.Errorf("lock user: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	fmt.Printf("User locked: %s\n", user.Username)
-
 	emailSender := services.NewSMTPSenderWithTimeout(cfg.SMTP.Host, cfg.SMTP.Port, cfg.SMTP.Username, cfg.SMTP.Password, cfg.SMTP.From, cfg.SMTP.Timeout)
 	subject, body := services.GenerateAccountLockNotificationEmail(user.Username, cfg.App.AdminEmail, cfg.App.Title)
 
+	emailSent := true
 	if err := emailSender.Send(user.Email, subject, body); err != nil {
-		fmt.Printf("Warning: Could not send notification email to %s: %v\n", user.Email, err)
+		outputWarning("Could not send notification email to %s: %v", user.Email, err)
+		emailSent = false
+	}
+
+	if IsJSONOutput() {
+		outputJSON(map[string]interface{}{
+			"action":     "user_locked",
+			"id":         id,
+			"username":   user.Username,
+			"email_sent": emailSent,
+		})
 	} else {
+		fmt.Printf("User locked: %s\n", user.Username)
+		if emailSent {
 			fmt.Printf("Notification email sent to %s\n", user.Email)
 		}
+	}
 
 	return nil
 }
@@ -571,7 +652,16 @@ func userUnlock(cfg *config.Config, repo repositories.UserRepository, args []str
 	}
 
 	if !user.Locked {
+		if IsJSONOutput() {
+			outputJSON(map[string]interface{}{
+				"action":   "user_unlock",
+				"id":       id,
+				"username": user.Username,
+				"status":   "already_unlocked",
+			})
+		} else {
 			fmt.Printf("User is already unlocked: %s\n", user.Username)
+		}
 		return nil
 	}
 
@@ -579,16 +669,28 @@ func userUnlock(cfg *config.Config, repo repositories.UserRepository, args []str
 		return fmt.Errorf("unlock user: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	fmt.Printf("User unlocked: %s\n", user.Username)
-
 	emailSender := services.NewSMTPSenderWithTimeout(cfg.SMTP.Host, cfg.SMTP.Port, cfg.SMTP.Username, cfg.SMTP.Password, cfg.SMTP.From, cfg.SMTP.Timeout)
 	subject, body := services.GenerateAccountUnlockNotificationEmail(user.Username, cfg.App.AdminEmail, cfg.App.BaseURL, cfg.App.Title)
 
+	emailSent := true
 	if err := emailSender.Send(user.Email, subject, body); err != nil {
-		fmt.Printf("Warning: Could not send notification email to %s: %v\n", user.Email, err)
+		outputWarning("Could not send notification email to %s: %v", user.Email, err)
+		emailSent = false
+	}
+
+	if IsJSONOutput() {
+		outputJSON(map[string]interface{}{
+			"action":     "user_unlocked",
+			"id":         id,
+			"username":   user.Username,
+			"email_sent": emailSent,
+		})
 	} else {
+		fmt.Printf("User unlocked: %s\n", user.Username)
+		if emailSent {
 			fmt.Printf("Notification email sent to %s\n", user.Email)
 		}
+	}
 
 	return nil
 }
@@ -629,8 +731,18 @@ func resetUserPassword(cfg *config.Config, repo repositories.UserRepository, ses
 		return fmt.Errorf("send password reset email: %w", err)
 	}
 
+	if IsJSONOutput() {
+		outputJSON(map[string]interface{}{
+			"action":   "password_reset",
+			"id":       userID,
+			"username": user.Username,
+			"email":    user.Email,
+			"message":  "Temporary password sent. User must change password on next login.",
+		})
+	} else {
 		fmt.Printf("Password reset for user %s: Temporary password sent to %s\n", user.Username, user.Email)
 		fmt.Printf("⚠️ User must change this password on next login!\n")
+	}
 
 	return nil
 }

cmd/goyco/commands/user_test.go

@@ -81,6 +81,22 @@ func TestUserCreate(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 	})
 
+	t.Run("successful creation with JSON output", func(t *testing.T) {
+		SetJSONOutput(true)
+		defer SetJSONOutput(false)
+
+		mockRepo := testutils.NewMockUserRepository()
+		err := userCreate(cfg, mockRepo, []string{
+			"--username", "testuser",
+			"--email", "test@example.com",
+			"--password", "StrongPass123!",
+		})
+
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Errorf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+		}
+	})
+
 	t.Run("missing username", func(t *testing.T) {
 		mockRepo := testutils.NewMockUserRepository()
 		err := userCreate(cfg, mockRepo, []string{
@@ -239,6 +255,22 @@ func TestUserUpdate(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 	})
 
+	t.Run("successful update username with JSON output", func(t *testing.T) {
+		SetJSONOutput(true)
+		defer SetJSONOutput(false)
+
+		cfg := &config.Config{}
+		mockRefreshRepo := &mockRefreshTokenRepo{}
+		err := userUpdate(cfg, mockRepo, mockRefreshRepo, []string{
+			"1",
+			"--username", "newusername",
+		})
+
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Errorf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+		}
+	})
+
 	t.Run("successful update email", func(t *testing.T) {
 		cfg := &config.Config{}
 		mockRefreshRepo := &mockRefreshTokenRepo{}
@@ -351,6 +383,25 @@ func TestUserDelete(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 	})
 
+	t.Run("successful delete with JSON output", func(t *testing.T) {
+		SetJSONOutput(true)
+		defer SetJSONOutput(false)
+
+		testUser := &database.User{
+			Username: "testuser",
+			Email:    "test@example.com",
+			Password: "hashedpassword",
+		}
+		freshMockRepo := testutils.NewMockUserRepository()
+		_ = freshMockRepo.Create(testUser)
+
+		err := userDelete(cfg, freshMockRepo, []string{"1"})
+
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Errorf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+		}
+	})
+
 	t.Run("successful delete with posts", func(t *testing.T) {
 		testUser2 := &database.User{
 			Username: "testuser2",
@@ -459,6 +510,17 @@ func TestUserList(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 	})
 
+	t.Run("list all users with JSON output", func(t *testing.T) {
+		SetJSONOutput(true)
+		defer SetJSONOutput(false)
+
+		err := userList(mockRepo, []string{})
+
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Errorf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+		}
+	})
+
 	t.Run("list with limit", func(t *testing.T) {
 		err := userList(mockRepo, []string{"--limit", "1"})
 

cmd/goyco/fuzz_test.go

@@ -172,11 +172,12 @@ func FuzzRunCommandHandler(f *testing.F) {
 
 		err := handleRunCommand(cfg, args)
 
-		if len(args) > 0 && args[0] == "--help" {
+		switch {
+		case len(args) > 0 && args[0] == "--help":
 			if err != nil {
 				t.Logf("Help flag should not error, got: %v", err)
 			}
-		} else if len(args) > 0 {
+		case len(args) > 0:
 			if err == nil {
 				return
 			}
@@ -190,7 +191,7 @@ func FuzzRunCommandHandler(f *testing.F) {
 			if !strings.Contains(errMsg, "unexpected arguments") {
 				t.Logf("Got error (may be acceptable for server setup): %v", err)
 			}
-		} else {
+		default:
 			if err != nil && strings.Contains(err.Error(), "unexpected arguments") {
 				t.Fatalf("Empty args should not trigger 'unexpected arguments' error: %v", err)
 			}

cmd/goyco/main.go

@@ -67,6 +67,7 @@ func run(args []string) error {
 	rootFS.SetOutput(os.Stderr)
 	rootFS.Usage = printRootUsage
 	showHelp := rootFS.Bool("help", false, "show this help message")
+	jsonOutput := rootFS.Bool("json", false, "output results in JSON format")
 
 	if err := rootFS.Parse(args); err != nil {
 		if errors.Is(err, flag.ErrHelp) {
@@ -80,6 +81,8 @@ func run(args []string) error {
 		return nil
 	}
 
+	commands.SetJSONOutput(*jsonOutput)
+
 	remaining := rootFS.Args()
 	if len(remaining) == 0 {
 		printRootUsage()

cmd/goyco/server_test.go

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package main
 
 import (
+	"context"
 	"crypto/tls"
 	"errors"
 	"flag"
@@ -95,7 +96,12 @@ func TestServerConfigurationFromConfig(t *testing.T) {
 	testServer := httptest.NewServer(srv.Handler)
 	defer testServer.Close()
 
-	resp, err := http.Get(testServer.URL + "/health")
+	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(context.Background(), http.MethodGet, testServer.URL+"/health", nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Failed to create request: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	resp, err := http.DefaultClient.Do(req)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("Failed to make request: %v", err)
 	}
@@ -159,6 +165,7 @@ func TestTLSWiringFromConfig(t *testing.T) {
 	srv := &http.Server{
 		Addr:              expectedAddr,
 		Handler:           router,
+		ReadHeaderTimeout: 5 * time.Second,
 	}
 
 	if srv.Addr != expectedAddr {
@@ -201,7 +208,12 @@ func TestTLSWiringFromConfig(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 		}
 
-		resp, err := client.Get(testServer.URL + "/health")
+		req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(context.Background(), http.MethodGet, testServer.URL+"/health", nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("Failed to create request: %v", err)
+		}
+
+		resp, err := client.Do(req)
 		if err != nil {
 			t.Fatalf("Failed to make TLS request: %v", err)
 		}
@@ -215,12 +227,10 @@ func TestTLSWiringFromConfig(t *testing.T) {
 
 		if resp.TLS == nil {
 			t.Error("Expected TLS connection info to be present in response")
-		} else {
+		} else if resp.TLS.Version < tls.VersionTLS12 {
-			if resp.TLS.Version < tls.VersionTLS12 {
 			t.Errorf("Expected TLS version 1.2 or higher, got %x", resp.TLS.Version)
 		}
 	}
-	}
 }
 
 func TestConfigLoadingInCLI(t *testing.T) {
@@ -358,7 +368,12 @@ func TestServerInitializationFlow(t *testing.T) {
 	testServer := httptest.NewServer(srv.Handler)
 	defer testServer.Close()
 
-	resp, err := http.Get(testServer.URL + "/health")
+	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(context.Background(), http.MethodGet, testServer.URL+"/health", nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Failed to create request: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	resp, err := http.DefaultClient.Do(req)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("Failed to make request: %v", err)
 	}
@@ -370,7 +385,12 @@ func TestServerInitializationFlow(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Errorf("Expected status 200, got %d", resp.StatusCode)
 	}
 
-	resp, err = http.Get(testServer.URL + "/api")
+	req, err = http.NewRequestWithContext(context.Background(), http.MethodGet, testServer.URL+"/api", nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Failed to create request: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	resp, err = http.DefaultClient.Do(req)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("Failed to make request: %v", err)
 	}